Difference between revisions of "ESApartnersmeet October2021"

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(Created page with "=='''Africa RISING ESA Project Partners Meeting'''<br />''' 7 October 2021'''<br />'''Virtual via Ms TEAMS'''== '''Participants''' # A. Kimaro, ICRAF # B. Zemadim, ICRISAT # C...")
 
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# M. Wezzi
 
# M. Wezzi
 
# I. I.Hoeschle-Zeledon
 
# I. I.Hoeschle-Zeledon
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'''[[File:ESA_PPT_M.James.pptx| Improving Competitiveness of Maize and Groundnut Seed Value Chains in Central and Northern Tanzania]] - James Mwololo (ICRISAT) '''
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'''[[File:ESA_PPT_M.James.pptx| De-risking smallholder based farming in semi-arid central Tanzania]] - Patrik Okori (ICRISAT)
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'''
 
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*Download the presentation from the link in the title above.
 
*Download the presentation from the link in the title above.
  
 
<b/>'''Discussion'''<b/>
 
<b/>'''Discussion'''<b/>
*Daniel. James, please clarify; the 4,285 beneficiaries reached. Are they direct beneficiaries who participate in Africa RISING Project activities? Because I know Africa RISING direct beneficiaries reached in the villages, you mention sums up to only 1,070 and not more than 3300 for Tanzania from all researchers.
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*Christian. 00557 is a nice variety and performs in a new environment. One problem is that it coincides with farmers letting goats loose after the maize has matured. That is why we lose yields for our needs. How do you see that in Tanzania context?
:*James. Daniel, the number is cumulative total beneficiaries from 2017-2019.
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::*Patrick. Tanzania has the same problem. They release livestock during the harvest periods ( when the harvest is for maize and later in areas where pigeon pea is common). There is sometimes conflict when it's draught year. However, in specific communities, some bylaws work everywhere.The issues we have pigeonpea have become cash crop therefore, people guide their crops.
:*Patrick. Daniel, the number is the combination of the direct and second tail beneficiaries that why it is high.
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*Christian. We always have problems with some of the varieties' portholes, but Mtawajuni has fewer portholes. Is it something that could be put in the breeding pipeline? Because spry of pigeon pea pots is another cost and other hazards in all of that. But this pest problem, can't that be solved to some better breeding
*Daniel. So, Patrick, by second tail means the scaling beneficial?
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::*Patrick. The pigeon pea pest problem is an age-old one. Some of the new materials tested are relatives of Mtawajuni and are not adapted besides. There are ongoing efforts to cross Mtawajuni and the other varieties. Mtawajuni and other varieties are now reaching the level for adaptability trials. However, we do not understand the physiology /chemistry; why it gets less infested. There is a missing link to why the pest attacks it less than others. Some reasons could be the early flowering. Further discussion is with the breeder, but still, there is no specific answer
:*Patrick. To explain it in detail Daniel, we had the first direct beneficiaries who recruited the other farmers with the informal seed systems. The second lot are the beneficiaries and are getting the
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*Patrick. Comment. The main issue with Mtawajuni and other varieties is the multicolor character. Also, the market doesn't like these varieties when they are dehulled. Overall, the returnable investment when inputs like pesticides are applied helps you get that, but they are profitable.
:same seeds of the same quality from the other farmers. For example, we give one farmer five kilograms and recruit two other farmers, and that makes three
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I can understand the question of environmental protection because most of these pesticides breakthrough quickly, such as the American Ball worm.  
*Bekunda. What plans do you have for strengthening the VCs, i.e., implementing the proposals?
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*Comment. Regis.Patrick. You are saying this could not have to do anything with chemistry, it could be related to elevated polyphyly, and this is nutritional things, what human beings don't like it the pest don't want them as well
:*James. Within the current year, we are coming up with a value chain enhancement strategy. After the VCs is avail, we will be validated with the key stakeholders and look for options to push it further
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::*Patrick. The laboratory analysis doesn't seem to support that. They don't provide strong evidence for that
*Bekunda. Thanks, James. You know I asked that because there are some proposals that I consider impossible. From the suggestions, for example," It would be prudent for ASA to quit the marketing of improved seeds and focus on the timely multiplication of foundation seeds", it is workable, or you would be selective on what to do as straightening the VCs?
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::*Patrick. Comment. The other argument is maybe they have some other votaries
:*James. We know ASA is a government identity. What is highlighted is that for it to go through, it must take through government kind of process to be embraced. It is something that might take more than two years. We need to be selective and get the quick link that might transform the value chain and require a series of policy dialogues pushed forward by many other actors.
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*Regis. Comment. It should be a good candidate for your breeding if you start crossing with Mtawajuni, and then you move forward by putting those characteristics the gleys  that you are working with
:*Patrick. Mateete, we identify two VCS that can be piloted and workable. We noted community-based organizations and some commercial farmers. Some of the seed companies already have a sort of setup for seed production.The idea is to use these groups to take up the quarto-non-quote formals, seed production of under-invested communities and pipeline, and then their chain.
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::*Patric. Some candidates are progeny delivered from Matamajuni, for example, the  Mtamajuni and  ICEAP 00557 are siblings; however, they still get heat from the pest. Unless you understand genetics, we could be in a position to understand tolerance, e.t.c
That will have the vast footprints going up into the countryside and region. The second VCs is the policy one. Unfortunately, the seed thing takes longer. But, under the current farmer work, just by getting the semi-commercial entity like DASP and another that brings together the farmers, It should work.  
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*Pigeon pea is a whole sequence. There is an effort to the genotype and work backward to compare the similarities we could pick from other systems with legumes and the probability of the problem
*Jumbo. Comment. The analysis identifies some key players actors in the seed value chain. Some of them are regulators like TOSCI, ASA (seed production unit). Take note there are types of seed that ASA will be requested to produce. For example, if you are dealing with OPBs, ASA could be asked to produce based on that year's government target. For instance, they are distributing the seed packages for seed Packs to the farmers in terms of release. In the same case for the legumes, ASA can be asked to produce seeds. In that sense, it is challenging to say ASA to move out from seed production. But when it comes to Hybrid, the seed companies take the significant role to do that under exclusive conditions. James mentioned some of the recommendations could be channeled to the government through policy. It can take quite some time. So, it cannot be all the recommendations, but we are trying to identify the weak points that slow down this value chain. In terms of regulators is beyond our control. But on areas where we can intervene, for example, farmers group, it could be easy to support.
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*Gundula. James, you have included some exciting gender information. When you presented the inclusive value chain maps, I was expecting some suggestions on equity as well. What are your recommendations in terms of making the VCs more inclusive and equitable in terms of gender?
 
:*James. In the Presentation, I flagged that women are the key in producing seeds and fully included and support seed production and food nutrition security. Equity is about building capacity or training about gendered mainstreaming in the region to ensure the families and local government leaders push forward the agenda on the value of women that should be embedded in these value chains. So, it is more capacity building, creating equal opportunity for women to be active in the seed production value chain to support its growth while benefiting the household to enhance food security.
 
  
  
  
  
'''[[File:ESA_PPT_G.Wanjiku.pptx|Women empowerment and associations with maternal & child nutrition outcomes in Dodoma, Central Tanzania
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'''[[File:ESA_PPT_G.Wanjiku.pptx|Biofortified bean value chain in Malawi ( Preliminary results)]] - Mankhalwa Chifuniro on behalf of Dr. Rowland Chirwa (Alliance Bioversity-CIAT)''
]] - Dr. Gichohi Wanjiku(ICRISAT)'''
 
 
----
 
----
 
*Download presentation from link in the title above.
 
*Download presentation from link in the title above.
  
 
<b/>'''Discussion'''<b/>
 
<b/>'''Discussion'''<b/>
*Gundula. Do you have information on the male (remote) decision-makers in female adult-headed households? Migrant husbands? Other male relatives?
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*Christian. I am interested in the aspect that farmers don't have access to improved seeds; they don't want to buy grain. What challenges do you have, and why can't we overcome that? Wouldn't it be good to work to overcome that?  
:*Wanjiku. Gundula, we did not collect that information because it is a preliminary analysis. Do we consider going back to the field and conducting focus group discussions to understand what is happening in female-headed households? Who are they referred to? Are there migrant husbands? Is it a father-in-law because most of them were widowed
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::*Rowland. Several varieties have been realized, not just in beans. Apart from maize, the uptake by the private sectors produced seeds and trade for farmers to buy has been a challenge to many crops. We have looked at various options and projects we had in Malawi. To some extent, some varieties allow picking up. But the challenge remains. The update is still low. If we talk about the past five years, the uptake of legume seed of improved varieties was coming up, but that was large because agricultural inputs served the problem. And when legumes since last year drooped, the eight suppliers engaged in legume are now have not been taking up the early generation seeds in stock for them to put in the market. We have to look at the other ways to promote the improving seed /varieties to get them in the hand of farmers.
*Emmanuel. Some of the empowerment is culturally based, especially on control and ownership. What are your views on handling such kind of diversity?
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*Christian. Thank you for the feedback. I had hoped that the farm input supporting program would trigger some form of a market incentive to seed producers, and so, now, as you said, they have dropped again. We are back to square one
:*Wanjiku. You are right, Emmanuel. We notice that when you looked at the question of self-efficacy is designed to focus on issues in South Asia. We consulted IFPRI the developer of the tools and restructured it to suit our settings in Tanzania. So, where questions did not apply, we did not administer the questioner, or we did adjust it to make sense. The tools were pretested and we made some changes
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::*Wezzi. On the table for challenges, among the three, to what extent are the factors that contribute to low productivity
*Bekunda. Recording where re-directing labor would be very informative and should be included in the study
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The table of market issues is the cause of the high variation on standard division from the presented table.  
:*Wanjiku. Okay, I have noted your point Prof.Mateete
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In terms of challenges; the poor economic practices, unpredictable weather patterns, and the issue of rainfall are they ranked under their significant
*Gundula. Sorry, Wanjiku, I would like to know whether you collected qualitative information in general? Mixed methods?
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The standard deviations were high due to significant variation in the traded prices on the market—that is why standard deviations were high.  
:*Wanjiku. Perfect point Gundula, we should have collected the qualitative information, but we ran out of funds. However, since there are preliminary studies in the area, we plan to do some focus groups. : : Also, we have quantitative and know precisely how to structure the qualitative information to filter out some information, particularly the time use and input in production decisions.  
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*Wezzi. In that case, would it improve to present market efficient depending on the context, different scenarios
*Job. Does the study include crops grown and the management used by the households? I am trying to see if we can link child nutrition indices with an intensity of ISFM. or if you know some publication you can share with me
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::* Chifuniro. Yes, that the following activity of the analysis we break it depending on the different scenarios
:*Wanjiku. Thank Job. The study includes the crops grown, and the livestock kept, but we do not have data on management specific to ISFM. The information we collected was what farmers grew and what they do with the produces
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*Yasinta. Comment. The question reflects on the challenges. The farmers produce the low-quality beans because they don't sort the beans, and the trader would buy at low comparing the quality of the produce. Therefore, if made is of low quality, then the traded would offer the low price, and the low price could composite for the grading cost by the traders
 +
::*Chifuniro. To some extent, however, bean production for 2020 was low, so traders were forced to buy low-quality beans at a higher price because of the scarcity.
 +
Regis. Sense of biofortified produces either beans are maize rich based, the NUA 45, etc., did you see any recognization from the traders or farmers either these are unique products to them? , they seem not to put the premium biofortified. Can you comment on this?
 +
*Chifuniro. What I have observed from data collection, farmers are aware of the nutrient value of the biofortified beans. But traders focus on the grain size. Much of the NUA 45 is based on appearance, such as size less than nutrition value. Awareness activities are going on, and we introduced to the component of the school feeding program to create more awareness

Revision as of 17:50, 20 October 2021

Africa RISING ESA Project Partners Meeting
7 October 2021
Virtual via Ms TEAMS

Participants

  1. A. Kimaro, ICRAF
  2. B. Zemadim, ICRISAT
  3. C. Thierfelder, CIMMYT
  4. D. Mgalla, IITA
  5. E. Swai, TARI-Hombolo
  6. F. Kizito, IITA
  7. F. Muthoni, IITA
  8. G. Fischer, IITA
  9. J. Kihara, Bioversity-CIAT
  10. J. Manda, IITA
  11. J. Odhong, IITA
  12. L. Claessens, IITA
  13. M. Bekunda, IITA
  14. M. Mutenje, IITA (consultant)
  15. P. Okori, ICRISAT
  16. R. Chikowo, MSU
  17. E. Temu, ICRAF
  18. M. Mulundu, ZARI
  19. M. Shitindi, SUA
  20. H. Beliyou, IFPRI
  21. E. Temu, ICRAF
  22. j. Mwololo, ICRISAT-ZW
  23. Y. Muzila, SUA
  24. W. Mhango
  25. F. Michael, IITA
  26. E. Mwambo, IITA
  27. M. Chifuniro, Alliance Bioversity-CIAT
  28. M. Wezzi
  29. I. I.Hoeschle-Zeledon





Agenda

  • De-risking smallholder based farming in semi-arid central Tanzania-Dr. Patrick Okori (ICRISAT)
  • Biofortified bean value chain in Malawi ( Preliminary results)- Mankhalwa Chifuniro on behalf of Dr. Rowland Chirwa (Alliance Bioversity-CIAT)

File:ESA PPT M.James.pptx - Patrik Okori (ICRISAT)



  • Download the presentation from the link in the title above.

Discussion

  • Christian. 00557 is a nice variety and performs in a new environment. One problem is that it coincides with farmers letting goats loose after the maize has matured. That is why we lose yields for our needs. How do you see that in Tanzania context?
  • Patrick. Tanzania has the same problem. They release livestock during the harvest periods ( when the harvest is for maize and later in areas where pigeon pea is common). There is sometimes conflict when it's draught year. However, in specific communities, some bylaws work everywhere.The issues we have pigeonpea have become cash crop therefore, people guide their crops.
  • Christian. We always have problems with some of the varieties' portholes, but Mtawajuni has fewer portholes. Is it something that could be put in the breeding pipeline? Because spry of pigeon pea pots is another cost and other hazards in all of that. But this pest problem, can't that be solved to some better breeding
  • Patrick. The pigeon pea pest problem is an age-old one. Some of the new materials tested are relatives of Mtawajuni and are not adapted besides. There are ongoing efforts to cross Mtawajuni and the other varieties. Mtawajuni and other varieties are now reaching the level for adaptability trials. However, we do not understand the physiology /chemistry; why it gets less infested. There is a missing link to why the pest attacks it less than others. Some reasons could be the early flowering. Further discussion is with the breeder, but still, there is no specific answer
  • Patrick. Comment. The main issue with Mtawajuni and other varieties is the multicolor character. Also, the market doesn't like these varieties when they are dehulled. Overall, the returnable investment when inputs like pesticides are applied helps you get that, but they are profitable.

I can understand the question of environmental protection because most of these pesticides breakthrough quickly, such as the American Ball worm.

  • Comment. Regis.Patrick. You are saying this could not have to do anything with chemistry, it could be related to elevated polyphyly, and this is nutritional things, what human beings don't like it the pest don't want them as well
  • Patrick. The laboratory analysis doesn't seem to support that. They don't provide strong evidence for that
  • Patrick. Comment. The other argument is maybe they have some other votaries
  • Regis. Comment. It should be a good candidate for your breeding if you start crossing with Mtawajuni, and then you move forward by putting those characteristics the gleys that you are working with
  • Patric. Some candidates are progeny delivered from Matamajuni, for example, the Mtamajuni and ICEAP 00557 are siblings; however, they still get heat from the pest. Unless you understand genetics, we could be in a position to understand tolerance, e.t.c
  • Pigeon pea is a whole sequence. There is an effort to the genotype and work backward to compare the similarities we could pick from other systems with legumes and the probability of the problem



'File:ESA PPT G.Wanjiku.pptx - Mankhalwa Chifuniro on behalf of Dr. Rowland Chirwa (Alliance Bioversity-CIAT)


  • Download presentation from link in the title above.

Discussion

  • Christian. I am interested in the aspect that farmers don't have access to improved seeds; they don't want to buy grain. What challenges do you have, and why can't we overcome that? Wouldn't it be good to work to overcome that?
  • Rowland. Several varieties have been realized, not just in beans. Apart from maize, the uptake by the private sectors produced seeds and trade for farmers to buy has been a challenge to many crops. We have looked at various options and projects we had in Malawi. To some extent, some varieties allow picking up. But the challenge remains. The update is still low. If we talk about the past five years, the uptake of legume seed of improved varieties was coming up, but that was large because agricultural inputs served the problem. And when legumes since last year drooped, the eight suppliers engaged in legume are now have not been taking up the early generation seeds in stock for them to put in the market. We have to look at the other ways to promote the improving seed /varieties to get them in the hand of farmers.
  • Christian. Thank you for the feedback. I had hoped that the farm input supporting program would trigger some form of a market incentive to seed producers, and so, now, as you said, they have dropped again. We are back to square one
  • Wezzi. On the table for challenges, among the three, to what extent are the factors that contribute to low productivity

The table of market issues is the cause of the high variation on standard division from the presented table. In terms of challenges; the poor economic practices, unpredictable weather patterns, and the issue of rainfall are they ranked under their significant The standard deviations were high due to significant variation in the traded prices on the market—that is why standard deviations were high.

  • Wezzi. In that case, would it improve to present market efficient depending on the context, different scenarios
  • Chifuniro. Yes, that the following activity of the analysis we break it depending on the different scenarios
  • Yasinta. Comment. The question reflects on the challenges. The farmers produce the low-quality beans because they don't sort the beans, and the trader would buy at low comparing the quality of the produce. Therefore, if made is of low quality, then the traded would offer the low price, and the low price could composite for the grading cost by the traders
  • Chifuniro. To some extent, however, bean production for 2020 was low, so traders were forced to buy low-quality beans at a higher price because of the scarcity.

Regis. Sense of biofortified produces either beans are maize rich based, the NUA 45, etc., did you see any recognization from the traders or farmers either these are unique products to them? , they seem not to put the premium biofortified. Can you comment on this?

  • Chifuniro. What I have observed from data collection, farmers are aware of the nutrient value of the biofortified beans. But traders focus on the grain size. Much of the NUA 45 is based on appearance, such as size less than nutrition value. Awareness activities are going on, and we introduced to the component of the school feeding program to create more awareness